Kia Soul EV: Button Engine Start System / Description and Operation

Kia Soul EV (PS EV) 2015-2020 Service Manual / Body Electrical System / Button Engine Start System / Description and Operation

Description

System Overview

The System offers the following features:

–	Human machine interface through a 1-stage button, for terminal switching and engine start.

–	Control of external relays for ACC / IGN1 / IGN2 terminal switching and STARTER, without use of mechanical ignition switch.

–	Indication of vehicle status on LCD or explicit messages on display.

–	Immobilizer function by LF transponder communication between fob and start/stop button.

–	Redundant architecture for high system dependability .

–	Interface with Low Speed CAN vehicle communication network.

–	Interface with LIN vehicle communication network depending on platform .

The RKE and SMART KEY functions are not considered part of this Button Engine Start system and are specified in a separate system.

System Main Function

–	Switching of ACC / IGN1 / IGN2 terminals.

–	Control of the STARTER relay BAT line (high side) based on communication with EMS ECU.

–	Management of the Immobilizer function.

–	Management of BES warning function.

Button Engine Start System

The Button Start System allows the driver to operate the vehicle by simply pressing a button (called as SSB) instead of using a standard mechanical key.

When the driver pushes the SSB, upon authentication of the smart key, if the brake signal and the shift signal (P) have been received correctly, the SMK System will proceed with the unlocking of the steering column, the control of the terminal, and enable READY mode.

The driver can release the SSB as soon as this sequence is initiated. After positive response from immobilizer authentication, the system will communicate with the VCU, turn on the READY lamp and put the vehicle to "standby" mode to drive.

The driver can shut-off the EV by pushing the SSB button once in a standstill position or shift position on either P or N. Emergency engine stop can be made by long-pressing the SSB button or by consecutively pressing 3 times in vehicle READY mode.

If the conditions for READY mode are not met while detecting a push on the SSB or authenticating a valid fob, the system will unlock the steering column and switch the terminals to IGN. In this case, another push on the SSB is needed to enter READY mode.

In case of a vehicle equipped with SMART KEY system, fob authentication will not require any action from the driver. For limp home start or in case of vehicle without SMART KEY, the driver will have to push the start / stop button.

•	Control Ignition and engine ON/OFF by Sending signal to IPM.

•	Display status by LED Lamp ON/OFF. (Reddish orange or Amber)

Indicator ON/OFF Condition At Ignition Button OFF Condition

No.	Character lamp	Conditions
1	Indicator Lamp ON	Door open, Tail lamp ON, ACC, IG ON
2	Indicator Lamp 30sec ON > Lamp OFF	Door close, Tail lamp OFF, IG OFF
3	Indicator Lamp OFF	Remote LOCK, Passive LOCK
4	Rheostat at tail lamp ON (Illumination lamp)

Indicator ON/OFF Condition According To Ignition

No.	Ignition conditions	Start Button LED status
1	IG OFF	LED OFF
2	IG ACC	Amber color LED ON
3	IG ON (Engine OFF)	Reddish orange color LED ON
4	Cranking	Maintain LED status before cranking
5	Engine running	LED OFF

Wireless Communication

Electromagnetic waves are used to exchange information between the vehicle and the FOB. Two types of RKE Key can supplement the BES system:

–	Non-smart key RKE

–	SMART KEY FOB

Currently, all BES systems consist of SMART KEY FOB.

The transmitter, receiver and antennas required for the communication between the fob and the vehicle will differ depending on functionalities and regional areas.

The RKE and SMART KEY functions are in separated documents. Refer to Smart key system for more detailed information about SMART KEY function.

Smart Key

The SMK manages all functions related to:

•	"Start Stop Button (SSB) monitoring",

•	"Immobilizer communication" (with Vehicle Control Unit for immobilizer release),

•	"ESCL control",

•	"Authentication server" (Validity of Transponder and in case of Smart Key option Passive Fob authentication ),

•	"System consistency monitoring",

•	"System diagnosis",

•	Control of display message / warning buzzer .

The unit behaves as Master role in the whole system.

In case of SMART KEY application, for example “Passive Access”, “Passive Locking” and “Passive Authorization are integrated for ESCL/Terminal switching Operations”.

It collects information about vehicle status from other modules (e.g. vehicle speed, alarm status, driver door open, etc.), reads the inputs (e.g. SSB, Lock Button and PARK position Switch), controls the outputs (e.g. exterior and interior antennas), and communicates with other devices via the CAN network as well as a single line interfaces.

The diagnosis and learning of the components of the BES System are also handled by the SMK.

Transponder

Terminal And Starter Relays

Relays are used to switch between terminals ACC / IGN1 / IGN2. Normally-open relays are driven by the SMK unit and are located either in the passenger or engine compartment depending on the vehicle architecture.

Only one relay coil is connected to the terminal outputs of the SMK unit.

These relays should integrate with a resistor connected in parallel to the coil in order to reduce the transients during communication.

Start/Stop Button (SSB)

A single stage push button is used by the driver to operate the vehicle. By pressing this button, the driver can:

•	Switch between corresponding terminals to operate power modes "Off'', ''Accesory'', ''Ignition'' and ''Start''

•	Enter READY mode (standby)

•	Shut-off the EV

A backlighting is integrated to illuminate the button for the driver to easily locate the button.

Two-colored (2) LED lamps located in the center of the button display the status of the system. Another illumination LED is also integrated into the SSB to indicate the "Engine Start/Stop" status.

BES System State Chart

System STATES in LEARNT MODE

In learnt mode, the BES System can be set in 6 different sates, depending on the status of the terminals and Engine status:

System State	Terminal Status	Engine status
1. OFF - Locked	OFF	Stopped
2. OFF - Unlocked	OFF	Stopped
3. ACC	ACC	Stopped
4. IGN	IGN1, IGN2, ACC	Stopped
5. Start	IGN1, Start	Cranking
6. IGN - Engine	IGN1, IGN2, ACC	Running (means "self-running")

Referring to the terminals, the system states described in the table above are the same as in a system based on a mechanical ignition switch. One of the distinctions from Mechanical-Ignition-Switch based system is that the BES system allows specific transition from [OFF] to [START] without going through [ACC] and [IGN] states.

System STATES IN VIRGIN MODE

The BES System can be set in 5 different states (OFF LOCKED is not available in virgin mode), depending on the status of the terminals and Engine status:

System State	Terminal Status	Engine status
1. OFF - UNLOCKED	OFF	Stopped
2. ACC	ACC	Stopped
3. IGN	IGN1, IGN2, ACC	Stopped
4. Start	IGN1, START with special pattern of activation see Chap 6.2.1 for details	Cranking
5. IGN - Engine	IGN1, IGN2, ACC	Running (means "self-running")

Schematic Diagrams

Circuit Diagram ...

Start/Stop Button Components and Components Location

Component ...

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